Troubleshooting and Post-Processing
Common failures
| Problem | Likely causes | Fixes |
|---|---|---|
| Not sticking to the bed | dirty bed, poor levelling, wrong temperature | clean with IPA/soap, re-level, brim, adjust bed temperature |
| Warping corners | material shrinkage, drafts | enclosure, brim, higher bed temperature, avoid drafts |
| Stringing | wet filament, retraction, temperature | dry filament, tune retraction, lower temperature |
| Layer shifts | belts loose, collisions, too fast | tension belts, reduce speed/acceleration |
| Under-extrusion | clog, wet filament, low temperature | clean nozzle, dry filament, raise temperature |
| Spaghetti mid-print | part detached or support failed | better adhesion, supports, orientation |
| Elephant's foot | first layers squished too much | adjust Z offset, enable compensation |
Change one variable at a time and keep notes.
Monitoring
Cameras (many printers include them) and failure detection features let you stop failed prints early. Still check the first layers in person.
Post-processing FDM
- Remove supports carefully with flush cutters and pliers.
- Sand in stages (from coarse to fine), use filler primer for smooth finishes, then paint.
- Heat-set inserts, glue multi-part prints, and finish with clear coats for durability.
Post-processing resin
Wash in IPA (or water for water-washable resin), remove supports, cure under UV, and sand support marks. Always wear gloves and dispose of waste responsibly.
Exercise
Print a torture test model, diagnose every defect with the table above, change one setting per test print and document the improvement with photos.
Check yourself
- What is the most common cause of poor bed adhesion?
- What causes stringing?
- Why change one setting at a time?
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